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Upto 1971, the Indian electronics industry had grown
up around three major centres, Bangalore, Mumbai/ Pune, and
Delhi. Bangalore was the site of major public sector corporations
in defence and telecommunications. Mumbai and Pune were the
traditional locations of private sector, largely foreign-owned
firms, established in the late forties to early fifties. The
Delhi region became important in the sixties with the emergence
of a dynamic Small Scale Industry sector making radios, components
for radios, and later black and white TVs.
In the seventies, to encourage geographic distribution of
the electronics industry, new public sector plants at various
new locations were setup. The states were encouraged to establish
electronics development corporations to help in promotion
and development of electronics in respective states. To stimulate
and increase the growth rate of the electronics industry,
many of the states are now providing special incentives like
sales tax concessions, creation of separate industrial areas
for electronics, subsidy for setting up units in backward
areas, financial participation either as joint sector or assisted
sector, etc. This action, combined with the dispersion of
additional public sector unit, has encouraged the emergence
of several secondary electronics centres.
Till 1987, Maharashtra occupied the top position, followed
by Karnataka and Delhi (except in 1985 where Karnataka was
at the top). Due to rapid growth of electronic industry in
Uttar Pradesh, it occupied top position in 1988, 1989 and
1991, but from 1992 to 1995 Karnataka again emerged as the
leader. From 1998, Uttar Pradesh occupied the top position.
Delhi occupies a significant place due to large concentration
of small scale units making consumer electronic products and
computers.
Distribution Pattern:
59% of the production is accounted for by Maharashtra,
Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh alone. However, Karnataka and
Maharashtra had over 75 percent share in 1971. Bulk of the
components produced are contributed by Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra,
Karnataka and Punjab, while consumer electronics production
is by Maharashtra and Delhi.
TOP 5 states in electronics production:
| Rank |
1990 |
1999 |
| 1 |
Karnataka |
Uttar
Pradesh |
| 2 |
Uttar Pradesh |
Maharashtra |
| 3 |
Maharashtra |
Karnataka |
| 4 |
Delhi |
Delhi |
| 5 |
Andhra
Pradesh |
Tamil
Nadu |
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Regional Distribution:
North accounts for about 37 percent of production,
mostly in Delhi and vicinity. The East is underdeveloped relative
to its population. The West accounts for 25 percent of electronics
production mostly in Maharashtra ( Mumbai and Pune). In the
South primarily Bangalore, which is the site of major public
sector units as well as a very fast growing, organised private
sector in computer and industrial product public sector, accounts
for about 32 percent of production.
Per capita Production:
Per capita production in Delhi is highest, Rs 1,605 per person
in 1999, though it ranks 4th in the total electronic production
. It is followed by per capita production of Rs 928 in Karnataka,
Rs 818 in Goa, Rs 672 in Haryana, Rs 609 in Maharashtra, Rs
363 in Uttar Pradesh and Rs 360 in Kerala.
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Source: Electronics Today
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8:17:59 AM 
